Share|Store Manager Wang's wife is getting divorced,Quality people did an analysis in 8D……

8D案例练习——王店长老婆要离婚

D1:改善主题选定与问题描述

问题描述

D2:紧急处置与目标设定

D3现况分析

现况分析,Data Collection (4W2H Management):

Store Manager Wang's wife's family performance checklist:

Wang's store manager's wife's family performance Plato:

This can be seen from the diagram,Quarrels are the most。

D4:Preliminary cause analysis and verification;Formulate and implement temporary countermeasures

找出有可能原因

Confirm the main cause—Elimination:

Formulate and implement temporary countermeasures:

D5:Detailed cause analysis and verification;拟定执行永久对策

系统图法

Decision evaluation:

D6:效果确认

针对对策之效果确认

8D knowledge,这些你得知道

9个步骤

8D是解决问题的8条基本准则或称8个工作步骤,But in practice, there are 9 steps:

D0:征兆紧急反应措施

D1:小组成立

D2:问题说明

D3:Implement and validate interim measures

D4:确定并验证根本原因

D5:选择和验证永久纠正措施

D6:实施永久纠正措施

D7预防再发生

D8小组祝贺

3个问题

SQE在给供应商做8D报告的培训的时候,It must be made clear to the supplier,As a supplier, when writing 8D reports,It is important to ensure that the following questions are answered clearly, accurately, and reasonably:

D2-问题是什么?

D3~D6-问题如何解决?

D7-将来该问题如何预防

7个问题

然而作为SQE在审阅供应商的8D报告的时候,It is also important to ensure that the following questions are answered truthfully:

1.对零件的知识进行了充分的论证

2.完全确定了根本原因并聚焦于该原因

3.遗漏点已经被识别

4.确定与根本相匹配的纠正措施

5.纠正措施计划的验证已经被确定

6.包括了实施纠正措施的时间计划

7.有证据显示供方将把纠正措施纳入整个系统

质量工具

8D的实施过程可能用到的质量工具总结如下

可靠性/设计验证DV/产品和过程确认/潜在失效模式及后果分析FMEA/控制计划CP/PPAP文件/SPC/DOE/QC7大工具

D0:征兆紧急反应措施

目的:The main thing is to see if such problems need to be solved with 8D,If the problem is too small,or problems that are not suitable for 8D,For example, price,Funding and so on,This step is an emergency response to a problem as it occurs。

Key takeaways::Determine the type of problem、size、categories and so on。Unlike D3,D0 is the reaction to the occurrence of the problem,D3, on the other hand, is a temporary response to the problem with the product or service itself。

tool:Trend Chart/Permutation Chart/Paynter Chart/ERA(Emergency response measures)

D1:小组成立

目的:Form a group,The team members have knowledge of the process/product,There was rationed time and permission was granted,At the same time, they should have the required technical quality to solve problems and implement corrective measures。The group must have a mentor and group leader。

Key takeaways::Membership,Craftsmanship、Knowledge of the product;target ;Division ;procedure ;Group building 。

tool:Action Plan、time management、Team Charter、Gantt Chart(Pilot)

D2:问题说明

目的:Detail internal/external customer complaints related to the issue in quantified terms,Such as what、place、Time、extent、frequency, etc。

"Something went wrong"

Key takeaways::Collect and organize all relevant data to illustrate the problem;A problem description is a summary of particularly useful data for the problem described;Review existing data,Identify the problem、Determine the scope;Segment the problem,Break down complex problems into individual issues;Problem definition,Find a description that matches the customer's identified issue,"Something went wrong",The reason for this is unknown risk level。

tool:Quality risk assessment,FMEA analysis,5W2H(What/Why/When/Where/Who/How/Howmany)、Line chart、histogram、排列图

D3:Implement and validate interim measures

目的保证在永久纠正措施实施前将问题与内外部顾客隔离(原为唯一可选步骤但发展至今都需采用)

Key takeaways::评价紧急响应措施;找出和选择最佳“临时抑制措施”;决策;实施并作好记录;验证(DOEPPM分析控制图等)

tool:method:FMEADOEPPMSPC检查表记录表PDCA

D4:确定并验证根本原因

目的用统计工具列出可以用来解释问题起因的所有潜在原因将问题说明中提到的造成偏差的一系列事件或环境或原因相互隔离测试并确定产生问题的根本原因

Key takeaways::评估可能原因列表中的每一个原因;原因可否使问题排除;验证;控制计划

tool:FMEAPPMDOE鱼骨图头脑风暴&关联图、5why法稳健设计

D5:选择并验证永久纠正措施

目的在生产前测试方案并对方案进行评审以确定所选的校正措施能够解决客户问题同时对其它过程不会有不良影响

Key takeaways::重新审视小组成员资格;决策选择最佳措施;重新评估临时措施如必要重新选择;验证;管理层承诺执行永久纠正措施;控制计划

tool:FMEA设计验证和报告(DVP&R)因果图稳健设计检查表记录表

D6:实施永久纠正措施

目的制定一个实施永久措施的计划确定过程控制方法并纳入文件以确保根本原因的消除在生产中应用该措施时应监督其长期效果

Key takeaways::重新审视小组成员;执行永久纠正措施废除临时措施;利用故障的可测量性确认故障已经排除;控制计划工艺文件修改

tool::FMEA防错SPCPPAP

D7预防再发生

目的修改现有的管理系统操作系统工作惯例设计与规程以防止这一问题与所有类似问题重复发生

Key takeaways::选择预防措施;验证有效性;决策;组织、personnel、equipment、environment、material、文件重新确定

tool:FMEA控制计划CP过程流程图Flow-chart

D8小组祝贺

目的承认小组的集体努力对小组工作进行总结并祝贺

Key takeaways::有选择的保留重要文档;流览小组工作将心得形成文件;了解小组对解决问题的集体力量及对解决问题作出的贡献;必要的物质精神奖励

source:Internet