Cell culture protocol

【Experimental Principle】 The main difference between cell culture technology and other general laboratory work is the requirement to maintain aseptic operation,Avoid the influence of microorganisms and other harmful factors。A general standard cell culture chamber should include a preparation chamber、Preparation room and culture room。The three chambers are both interconnected and relatively independent,Each completes different operations in the culture process。 【Objective】 (1) Understand the setting and equipment of the culture room。 (2) Learn the concept of aseptic and the essentials of aseptic operation。 【Operation Steps】 1. Laboratory Setup (1) Preparation Room (2) Preparation Room (3) Culture Room The culture room should be completely closed,Maintain a constant temperature,The following points should be paid attention to in the design: (1) The location of the culture room is best located on the shaded side,Places where direct sunlight cannot be reached,Prevent the indoor temperature from rising。 (2) The height of the ceiling should not exceed 2 meters,In order to ensure the effective sterilization effect of the UV lamp, (3) The door is generally sliding door,to prevent air movement。 (4) Ceiling、The floor and surrounding walls should be smooth and free of dead corners,To tile or paint,It's designed like this,First, it is easy to clean and disinfect,In addition, it is not easy to accumulate dust in the corners of the wall。 2Commonly used laboratory equipment: (1) Preparation room equipment, (1) Double distilled water retort:Prepare double distilled water。 (2) Acid tank:Hold lotion,Soak glassware。 (3) Oven:Washed glassware is oven dried。 (4) Pressure cooker:glassware、Dissecting utensils、Partial liquid、Sterilization of plastic utensils, etc。The effective sterilization pressure and time are different for different items。 (5) Locker 1:Place unsterilized items。 (6) Locker 2:Place sanitized items。 (7) Packing table:For packaging before sterilization。 Preparation room precautions: (1) Prevent the still from being roasted dry。 (2) Water seeping out from the placed pool。 (3) Do not splash acid on clothing or the ground。 (4) Do not block the pressure cooker exhaust valve and safety valve。 (5) Sterilized items should be stored separately from unsterilized items。 (2) Equipment of the liquid preparation chamber (1) Balances (torque balances and electronic balances):Weigh (2) pH meter: (3) Magnetic stirrer: (3) Equipment of cell culture room (1) Ultra-clean workbench: There are many types of clean benches,There is a one-sided single、Single-sided double、Double-sided double or double-sided quadruple, etc,It works by utilizing a blower,Enables the air to pass through highly efficient air filtration,Slowly pass through the countertop,This results in a sterile and homogeneous air in the working environment。 Depending on the laminar flow method,Ultra-clean workbenches are mainly divided into two types: horizontal laminar flow type and vertical laminar flow type,The rationale is much the same,The indoor air is initially filtered through a coarse filter,It is pressed into the static pressure box by a centrifugal fan,Then pass through the high-efficiency air filter,The resulting clean air flow passes through the sterility at a certain uniform cross-sectional velocity,So as to form a dust-free and sterile high-cleanliness working environment。However, the direction of the airflow is different between the two types of stations。 There are several issues that should be paid attention to when using a clean bench: A. The purification workbench is best installed in a dust-free room,It is best to be in a well-isolated sterile room,In order to avoid excessive dust, the filter will be easily blocked,Reduces the purification effect,Shorten the service life。 B. Newly installed or long-term unused workstations,The workbench and surroundings must be cleaned with a vacuum cleaner or a tool that does not produce fibers before work,Then use drug sterilization or ultraviolet sterilization for sterilization。 C. Every time the workbench is used,The countertop should be scrubbed with 75% alcohol first,And treat the microorganisms accumulated in the purification work area with 30~50min ultraviolet sterilization lamp in advance。After turning off the UV lamp, the blower should be started and let it run for two minutes before the incubation operation。 D. Unnecessary items should not be stored in the purification work area,to keep the clean airflow pattern undisturbed。 E. Generally,The HEPA filter is replaced every three years。Replacing the high-efficiency filter should be operated by a professional,to keep the seal well。The coarse filter should be removed and cleaned regularly,The time should be determined according to the cleanliness of the environment,It is usually done every 3~6 months。 F. Every time you use the purification table, you should remove the items on the work surface in time,And scrub the countertop with sprinkler to keep it clean at all times。 (2) 4 °C freezer and low temperature freezer: (3) CO2 incubator: A. A concentration of CO2 on cell growth,In particular, primary culture and single-cell culture have a facilitating effect (5%)。 B. A certain concentration of CO2 can maintain a constant pH of the culture medium。Suitable for open cultures,After the incubator is sealed,It can be cultivated in a general incubator,However, when using Petri dishes or multi-well plates,Air with high humidity and high CO2 content is required。 C. It increases humidity,The box is equipped with a water bath,Humidity in the incubator can be guaranteed。 D. The incubator is equipped with a UV lamp。 E. The ratio of CO2 to air can be adjusted by means of a gas flow meter。 F. Preservatives (dioxacetic acid) can be added to the water。It can prevent high humidity in the CO2 incubator,Prone to mold。 (4) Ozone generator: (4) Centrifuge: (5) CO2 cylinders: (6) Liquid nitrogen tank: (7) Lockers:Used to store sundries (8) UV lamps: (9) Air purification system (10) Inverted microscope 3. Aseptic operation (1) Sterilization of the clean room: (1) The ultraviolet lamp should be turned on when no one is there; (2) Wear a sterile gown when entering the sterile room、Wear a hat and mask; (3) Clean and disinfect once a week; Read More …

上海合作组织青岛峰会举行习近平主持会议并发表重要讲话

强调要进一步弘扬“上海精神” 构建上海合作组织命运共同体 6月10日上海合作组织成员国元首理事会第十八次会议在青岛国际会议中心举行国家主席习近平主持会议并发表重要讲话新华社记者 李学仁 摄 上海合作组织成员国元首理事会第十八次会议10日在青岛国际会议中心举行中国国家主席习近平主持会议并发表重要讲话上海合作组织成员国领导人常设机构负责人观察员国领导人及联合国等国际组织负责人出席会议与会各方共同回顾上海合作组织发展历程就本组织发展现状任务前景深入交换意见就重大国际和地区问题协调立场达成了广泛共识。 6月的青岛风景如画国际会议中心外碧海蓝天与会各国国旗上海合作组织会旗和与会国际组织旗帜迎风飘扬上午11时许会议正式开始习近平在开幕辞中首先感谢各方一年来对中方担任上海合作组织主席国工作的大力支持和密切配合指出这次峰会是上海合作组织实现扩员以来举办的首次峰会具有承前启后的重要意义欢迎印度总理莫迪巴基斯坦总统侯赛因首次以成员国领导人身份出席峰会习近平随后发表题为《弘扬“上海精神” 构建命运共同体》的重要讲话习近平指出上海合作组织成立17年来走过了不平凡的发展历程取得了重大成就我们以《上海合作组织宪章》《上海合作组织成员国长期睦邻友好合作条约》为遵循构建起不结盟不对抗不针对第三方的建设性伙伴关系这是国际关系理论和实践的重大创新开创了区域合作新模式为地区和平与发展作出了新贡献。Today,上海合作组织是世界上幅员最广人口最多的综合性区域合作组织国际影响力不断提升已经成为促进世界和平与发展维护国际公平正义不可忽视的重要力量习近平指出上海合作组织始终保持旺盛生命力强劲合作动力根本原因在于它创造性地提出并始终践行“上海精神”主张互信互利平等协商尊重多样文明谋求共同发展当今世界国际关系民主化已成为不可阻挡的时代潮流安全稳定是人心所向合作共赢是大势所趋不同文明交流互鉴是各国人民共同愿望我们要进一步弘扬“上海精神”提倡创新协调绿色、opening、共享的发展观践行共同综合、cooperate、可持续的安全观秉持开放融通互利共赢的合作观树立平等互鉴对话包容的文明观坚持共商共建共享的全球治理观破解时代难题化解风险挑战。 6May 10th,上海合作组织成员国元首理事会第十八次会议在青岛国际会议中心举行国家主席习近平主持会议并发表重要讲话新华社记者 丁林 摄 习近平强调“上海精神”是我们共同的财富上海合作组织是我们共同的家园我们要继续在“上海精神”指引下同舟共济精诚合作齐心协力构建上海合作组织命运共同体推动建设新型国际关系携手迈向持久和平普遍安全共同繁荣开放包容清洁美丽的世界。 first,凝聚团结互信的强大力量我们要尊重各自选择的发展道路兼顾彼此核心利益和重大关切不断增强组织的凝聚力和向心力。 second,筑牢和平安全的共同基础我们要强化防务安全执法安全信息安全合作促进阿富汗和平重建进程未来3年中方愿为各方培训2000名执法人员强化执法能力建设。 third,打造共同发展繁荣的强劲引擎我们要促进发展战略对接推进“一带一路”建设加快地区贸易便利化进程中方将在上海合作组织银行联合体框架内设立300亿元人民币等值专项贷款。 fourth,拉紧人文交流合作的共同纽带我们要扎实推进教育科技文化旅游卫生减灾、media、环保青少年等领域交流合作未来3年中方将为各成员国提供3000个人力资源开发培训名额愿利用风云二号气象卫星为各方提供气象服务。 fifth,共同拓展国际合作的伙伴网络我们要强化同观察员国对话伙伴等地区国家交流合作密切同联合国等国际和地区组织的伙伴关系同国际金融机构开展对话为推动化解热点问题完善全球治理作出贡献习近平最后强调中方愿同各成员国一道本着积极务实友好合作的精神全面落实本次会议的共识支持下一任主席国吉尔吉斯斯坦的工作携手创造上海合作组织更加光明的美好未来印度总理莫迪哈萨克斯坦总统纳扎尔巴耶夫吉尔吉斯斯坦总统热恩别科夫巴基斯坦总统侯赛因俄罗斯总统普京塔吉克斯坦总统拉赫蒙乌兹别克斯坦总统米尔济约耶夫上海合作组织秘书长阿利莫夫上海合作组织地区反恐怖机构执委会主任瑟索耶夫阿富汗总统加尼白俄罗斯总统卢卡申科伊朗总统鲁哈尼蒙古国总统巴特图勒嘎联合国常务副秘书长阿明娜先后发言他们高度评价中方为推动上海合作组织发展所作贡献和在担任主席国期间所作工作积极评价上海合作组织接收印度巴基斯坦加入的重要意义各方一致表示将继续遵循“上海精神”不断巩固政治、safe、economy、人文等领域务实合作完善全球经济治理体系巩固和发展多边贸易体制在国际法准则框架内解决地区热点问题推动构建人类命运共同体“一带一路”倡议再次受到了广泛欢迎和支持会议发表了《上海合作组织成员国元首理事会会议新闻公报》《上海合作组织成员国元首关于贸易便利化的联合声明》《上海合作组织成员国元首致青年共同寄语》《上海合作组织成员国元首关于在上海合作组织地区共同应对流行病威胁的声明》。 6May 10th,上海合作组织成员国元首理事会第十八次会议在青岛国际会议中心举行国家主席习近平主持会议并发表重要讲话这是会前习近平同与会各方在迎宾厅集体合影新华社记者 高洁 摄 会前习近平同与会各方在迎宾厅集体合影丁薛祥杨洁篪王毅何立峰等参加会议(记者 余孝忠朱超)

全面推行“双随机、1. Public" supervision

6月6日的国务院常务会定了这3件大事部署在市场监管领域推进管理方式改革和创新全面推行“双随机、1. Public" supervision;决定全面清理各类证明事项更多消除群众和企业办事烦恼确定进一步建设和完善社会信用体系的措施以诚信立身兴业。will be there,李克强总理作出了哪些部署? 部署在市场监管领域推进管理方式改革和创新 全面推行“双随机一公开”监管 会议指出落实《政府工作报告》要求全面推行“双随机一公开”市场监管方式随机抽取检查对象,Law enforcement inspectors are randomly selected,抽查情况及查处结果及时向社会公开,It is to deepen the reform of "delegating power, delegating power, delegating power, and improving services".、优化营商环境的重要举措。1.推动市场监管日常检查“双随机”方式全覆盖检查结果全部公开对有投诉举报等情况需要专项或重点检查的也要严格规范程序。2.加强顶层设计统一“双随机一公开”制度和流程整合各类市场监管平台。3.推进跨部门综合执法联合监管减少多头多层重复执法。4.提升基层执法能力完善考核和问责免责办法会议要求各有关部门都要推出有利于促进市场公平和效率的监管创新举措决定全面清理各类证明事项 更多消除群众和企业办事烦恼 会议决定顺应企业和群众呼声全面清理各类证明事项。1.对国务院部门规章和规范性文件等设定的证明事项可直接取消的要立即停止执行并抓紧修改或废止规章文件年底前先行取消申请施工许可证时需提交的资金到位证明等一批证明事项。2.对法律法规有规定但可通过法定证照书面告知承诺政府部门间核查等涵盖或替代的证明事项要提请修法依托信息共享和信用体系予以取消。3.对各地自行设定的证明事项除地方性法规规定外最晚应于年底前取消。4.各地区各部门要及时公布取消和保留的证明事项清单对确需保留的要逐项列明设定依据办理指南等清单之外政府部门公用事业单位和服务机构不得索要证明确定进一步建设和完善社会信用体系的措施 以诚信立身兴业 会议指出贯彻党中央、Decision-making and deployment of the State Council,近几年按照社会主义市场经济要求社会信用体系建设取得重要进展统一社会信用代码基本实现全覆盖守信联合激励和失信联合惩戒机制初步显威要坚持应用导向立法先行进一步加强社会信用体系建设。1.围绕优化营商环境加快构建以信用为核心的监管机制推广告知承诺制。2.建立黑名单制度强化信用约束对侵权假冒坑蒙拐骗虚假广告等违法违规行为要公开曝光坚决整治让失信者受到惩戒和震慑。3.坚决守住信息安全底线保护商业秘密和个人隐私。4.加快推进重点民生领域信用体系建设增进群众福祉。5.引导社会力量参与信用建设发展第三方征信服务强化政府部门诚信建设依法依规处理“新官不理旧账”问题。 This article is reproduced in::中国政府网 Read More …