Dr. W. Edwards Deming is a world-renowned expert in quality management，His outstanding contribution to the development of quality management in the world is well-known all over the world。Deming Quality Award named after Deming，It is still the highest honor for quality control in Japan。Deming's doctrine has always had an extremely important influence on international quality management theories and methods，Its main viewpoint "14 points" has become an important theoretical basis for total quality management。Let's talk about the author's understanding of Deming's "14 points".。 One、Establish long-term goals to improve products and services, Deming believes，The C-suite must return from the misadventure of short-term goals，Turn back to the right direction of long-term construction，That is, to improve products and services as a permanent purpose。"Customers only buy better products and services"，Strive to be competitive，Make long-term business plans。Businesses have to survive，It is necessary to learn the ideas and concepts of total quality management，Choose quality as the ultimate goal，Achieve this goal with a clear vision and organizational strategy。 Two、Adopt new ideas Companies must never tolerate poor raw materials、Poor operation、Defective products and loose service，New ideas must be adopted that are responsive to competition，And quality must become the belief of the enterprise。Deming noted："The cost of survival is inversely proportional to the quality of the goods and services that need to be spent on，as：Reliable service can reduce costs，Delayed service or errors can drive up costs。"Due to delayed service and bugs，Consumption of goods and services is terminated，This diminishes the meaning of their existence。High quality，No scrap or defective products，The cost of production naturally decreases，Increased productivity，Increased customer satisfaction and loyalty，Profits will increase。If there is a quality problem, the product reaches the customer's hands，The tangible or intangible losses will be even greater，This means that the cost is higher。Let's put it this way，High quality is not expensive，Poor quality is expensive，Businesses should stop worrying about quarterly profits，Concentrate on improving quality in all aspects，Quality should be in mind when you start designing your product。 Three、Stop relying on high-volume inspections to ensure quality Hugh Hart, an early American quality management expert, proposed：The quality of the product is not inspected，It's produced，The focus of quality control should be on the manufacturing stage。Inspection is actually equivalent to preparing for defective products，It was too late to find out，And the cost is high and the benefit is low。And another American quality management expert, Crosby, further proposed：The role of the quality system is prevention，And not an inspection。Inspection is the process of picking out the bad from the good，Rather than promoting improvement。Prevention occurs during the design phase of the process，Including communication、plan、Verification and gradual elimination of opportunities for non-conformity。Quality through prevention，Require resources to be allocated to ensure that the work is done correctly，Rather than wasting resources on finding and remediating problems。 Deming also had a relationship with Hugh Hart、Crosby has the same opinion："To detect what is defective，It's too late to throw them away for the purpose，There is no efficiency and the cost is high。Quality does not come from inspection, but from process improvement。"Inspection alone does not improve quality，Quality is not fully guaranteed。The quality is good or bad，already present in the product。And most of the time，Extensive inspections are expensive and unreliable，It is not possible to strictly separate defective products from good products，The right thing to do is to improve the production system process。 Four、Ending the practice of choosing suppliers based solely on price proposed by Deming，The price itself doesn't make sense，It only makes sense in relation to quality。therefore，Only the Authority has redefined the principles，Procurement will change。Enterprises must establish long-term relationships with suppliers，and reduce the number of suppliers。Purchasing departments must use statistical tools to judge the quality of suppliers and their products。 Low prices without quality are meaningless，Low quality leads to a decrease in product quality，So the overall cost rise is an inevitable consequence。End the habit of buying based only on price，In fact，It can reduce the overall cost expenditure。 Deming thinks："Two or more suppliers of the same commodity may result in vicious competition，In addition to harming the suppliers themselves, this competition is not only harmful，It can also harm the user of the product。"To get the best service，Companies can build a long-term relationship of trust with their suppliers。It is common to use a series of criteria to gauge which vendor is better，But a better approach is to actively use Deming's "Fourteen Points" and get involved in supplier management。 Five、Continuous and never-ending improvement of production and service systems Deming proposed，In every event，Waste must be reduced and quality improved，Whether it's procurement、transport、engineering、method、Maintenance、sale、Distribution、accounting、Personnel、Customer service and manufacturing。Companies must improve the quality of their products by reducing uncertainty in design and production，Increase productivity，With high quality、Low prices occupy the market。moreover，Businesses should not be constrained by previous cultures，There should be constant reforms，Only in this way can the overall quality of the product be improved。 Improvement is not a one-and-done thing，Managers have a responsibility to continuously improve quality。Deming said："Put out the fire – many businesses can be called fire brigades，It's not an improvement，Look for places where control is lost，Find the reason for it and correct it，It's just a matter of correcting the process back to where it should be。The responsibility to improve is a never-ending process。Six、Adopt modern methods to carry out on-the-job training Deming proposed，The training of the enterprise must be planned，and must be based on acceptable standards of work。Statistical methods must be used to measure the effectiveness of training，Confirm that everyone has the skills and knowledge to do the job at hand。 in a lot of businesses，There is often little to no training，Employees don't know when they're going to get their job done right。Deming emphasized：As long as the results of the work are not yet statistically controlled，And when you can get even greater benefits，Training should not be suspended。 Seven、Mentoring at the managerial level must let senior management know what needs to be improved，After knowing，Management must act。"There's no excuse to put people in positions where they don't know how to do it。The vast majority of so-called 'people who have nothing to do' do do it do so because they have been placed in unsuitable jobs or because of poor management"。It is the responsibility of the manager to find out what causes employees not to take pride in their work。The senior management in charge of quality assurance should be bold and courageous as quality leaders，Resolute，And pointed out that quality is everyone's responsibility，Team spirit is a key factor in achieving improvement，Everyone has to think about quality when making decisions，It is necessary to advocate the spirit of excellence。The job of the top management is not to supervise，It's about leading with leadership。The goal of management is to help people、Machines and equipment do better work。 Eight、Eliminate fear, Deming believes，All employees of the company must have the courage to ask questions，Ask questions，or express an opinion。 Some business management believes that a certain amount of fear is necessary to get the job done。In fact，Employees don't want to make mistakes on a continuous basis，They are afraid that the management will find out，will hide these mistakes。The greater the sense of fear，The less effective the employee's work will be，Fear produces inefficiency and lies。Management does not have access to accurate information，Naturally, it is not possible to make the right decisions，Extreme fear can have disastrous consequences for businesses。 Fear and reward are not a source of motivation at work，External incentives are not unimportant，Each employee should be paid a sufficiently high salary，Employees will have a sense of pride in their work。But intrinsic satisfaction with the business and the work、Passion and loyalty，is the real motivation for creative work。 In the era of the knowledge economy，Businesses must change the "Taylor management" model of the Industrial Revolution era。As the sociologist Amitaixian proposed：Manage like you take a gun and force people，Alienating，Can only cope；By paying、Management of bonuses，Only labor can be bought；There is only incentive-based flexible management、Democratic management，Involve employees in management improvement，in order to motivate employees to follow voluntarily、dedication、Be creative。This is also consistent with Maslow's theory of the hierarchy of human needs, which states that "man's highest needs are to be respected and self-actualized".。 Nine、Removing barriers between different sectors Each sector should not be left alone，It's about team spirit，Cross-departmental quality circle activities will help improve design、serve、Quality & Cost。 Deming noted，study、devise、procurement、sale、Personnel from incoming inspection and other departments，You should be familiar with the materials involved in the production and assembly process、Problems encountered with different specifications。This helps in product design，And to be able to finish the product、Significant improvements in the quality of service。 Ten、Eliminate the slogan for general employees、Tagline and digital goals Deming proposed，Metrics that motivate employees to be more productive、slogan、image、Posters must be abolished，Because these are often outside the control of the average employee，Therefore, these promotional materials will only lead to disgust。Although there is no need to set measurable goals for employees，But the company itself has to have such a goal：Never stop improving。 "Slogans don't help anyone do a good job，They can cause frustration and resentment."。Slogans like "get things done the first time" are good on the surface，The problem is that they are seen as a signal，That is, the manager does not understand or care about the actual problems of the employees。Set a goal but don't describe how to accomplish it，It is often the case in practice。 This article originated from the Auditor's House，If there is any impact or inconvenience，Please contact us，We will retract this article as soon as possible。
